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(No Model.) 7-Sheets-Sheet 1.

C. L. BUGKING'HAM.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 487,982 Patented Dec. 13, 1892.

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(No Mode-1.) '1 Sheets-Sheet 2.

0. L BUGKINGHAM.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH. No. 487,982 Patented Dec. 13,1892.

(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

G. L. BUGKINGHAM.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 487,982. Patented Dec. 13,1892.

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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 4.

0. L. BUGKINGHAM.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 487,982 Patented Dec. 13, 1892.

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O. L. BUGKINGHAM PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

Patented Dec. 13, 1892.

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(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 6.

0. L. BUCKINCTHAM.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH. No. 487,982. Patented Dec. 13, 1892.

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0. L. BUGKINGHA M.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

THE NORRIS PETERS co lmcm-Lnm.v WASHINGTON, n cy UNITED STATES PATEN Orrrcn.

CHARLES L. BUOKINGHAM, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 487,982, dated December13, 1892.

Application filed April 24, 1890. Serial No. 349,209. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES L. ING

negative currents are alternately and auto-- matically sent over theline and at the receiving-station a polarized electro-magnet under theinfluence of positive pulses causes the point of an ink-marker to bebrought against a moving band of paper, While by a negative pulse thepen is raised and the mark terminated. Like Wheatstone, I prefer toemploy positive and negative pulses and a polarized receivingelectro-magnet, though, as will be hereinafter seen, currents of onepolarity only and a neutral receiving-magnet might be used instead. Inthe alphabets of both systems dots, dashes, and spaces are employed, butin mine every letter requires the transmission of the same number ofpulses, and if a Wheatstone ink-writer were placed in the main line ofmy system itwould record three ink-marks to the letter. In sending sixreversals, howeverthree positive pulses and three negative for eachletter-m y system would seem to be at a disadvantage, for Wheatstone isobliged to transmit only two pulses in some cases and four in others. Anaverage, however, shows little advantage in favor of either system. foroftentimes W heatstone must transmit twelve and fourteen reversals insending a letter. A comparison shows that all Wheatstone lettersrequiring six reversals have the same elements as certain letters in myalphabet and that a divergence between the two only occurs whereVVheatstoneemploys more or less than SIX.

In another application which I am about to file I have described amultiple synchronous system by which the adjusting-magnets of theprinter are operated by bringing the corresponding branches at eachstation successively into connection with the main line, while in otherapplications now pending I show a harmonic multiple system. In allmultiple systems where there are simultaneous transmissions confusionarises that does not exist where pulses one following another areemployed. To avoid the many difficulties common to a l multiple systems,I have adopted the order of currents used in the WVheatstone system, apositive pulse always following a negative. By this means I am not onlyable to utilize the Wheatstone automatic transmitter and perforatingmechanism, but an unbroken main line may be substituted for the onewhich is broken at each end many times a second where the multiplesynchronous system is used. Even in my receiving-instrument I need noother main-line relay or electro-magnet than the one with which\Vheatstone operates his inknnarker.

I will now describe my invention by reference to the accompanyingdrawings.

Figure 1 is a diagram of one form of my system, representing thetransmitter and the relay arrangement of the receiving-instrument. Figs.2, 3, 4, and 4 are modifications of the system shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 5is a diagram of the Wheatstone transmitter. Fig. 6 represents myalphabet in such manner as to clearly show the sequence of currentsemployed. Fig. 7 shows my alphabet transformed to meet the requirementsof the Wheatstone transmitter and the VVheatstone perforating mechanism.Fig. 8 shows the form of printing-instrument which I perfer to use in myimproved system. Fig. 9 is a devel opment of the surface of mytype-Wheel, showing what letters are brought to position to be printedby calling the adjuster-magnets into action one at a time, two at atime, three at a time, and four at a time, respectively.

Referring to Fig. 8, it is seen that the typewheel is controlled by fiveadjuster-magnets and that it may be thrown into any required position bythe adjusters when brought into action singly or together in any one ofmany possible combinations. Magnets 1 2 3 4t 5 control armature-levers FG H I J, the latter at their free ends being provided with forks, theprongs of which work Within circumferential grooves of the rods a b c de.

Rods a and d are incapable of rotation, owing to feathered hearings insupports 76 and 0; but they may be freely moved alongtheir axes. Rods b,c, and 6, however, are capable both of rotary and longitudinal movement,and each of the latter is provided at either end with a pin, one ofwhich plays in a straight slot in a sleeve at one side, while the otherworks in a spiral groove in a second sleeve on the other side. Thepurpose of the straight slots and spiral grooves in sleeves fg h tj isapparent, it being understood that the sleeves are capable onlyofrotation, they being collared or journaled in supports Z m n p q, asshown. Shaft 1', upon which type-wheel t is fixed, is provided at oneend with a radial pin, which slides within the straight slot in theouter end of sleeve 72., while at the opposite side of the wheel rod 0'is provided with two collars s s, which inclose the ends of the rack-barF. It will now be seen that as t rotates it will move 15 and that thelatter by pressing againstcollars s s carries the type-wheel backwardand forward along its axis without in any manner disturbingitscircumferential position. Shaft '2' passes through rack-bar F; butrack-bar t is held against rotation by guiderod u, the latter beingrigidly fixed to the bar, while it slides freelyin an opening in theframe. Pressmagnet P, harp, and platen p are actuated by a local batteryJ, the circuit of which is normally open. This circuit is automaticallyclosed after the type-wheel has been set to position for printing by therotating of metallic part b of the circuit-closer under brush d, therebyestablishing contact between 0 and d. The relation and purpose of shafta, upon which circuit-closer b is placed, will hereinafter be more fullydescribed. By actuating adjusting-levers F G H singly the typewheel willbe rotated one, two, and four spaces, respectively. By actua'tting bar Ithe left ring oftypewillbebroughtovertheplaten. Likewise by operating Jthe right ring will be moved to the same position, while the secondtype-ring from the right end of the wheel is brought over the press bythe conjoint action of I and J. The wheel is provided with a blank spacein the second type-ring from the left end, which normally rests over theplaten. To avoid extreme movements of the typewheel, it is never rotatedmore than half-way in either direction. This is rendered possible byarranging ar1nature-lever H to act in a direction opposite to that of Fand G, though the armatures might all be attracted in the same directionif the spiral groove in 71 were oppositely cut, as is the groove in 7with reference to the groove in t'.

For a more general description of a printing-instrument of this classreference may be had to my applications Serial No. 290,449, filedNovember 10, 1888, and Serial No. 333,308, filed December 11, 1889.

I do not desire to limit myinvention herein claimed to the particularform of printing-instrument shown in Fig. 8, for many others may beused. In fact, I may use any form of printer in which a series ofadjusters are employed whose limits of action, collectively, arecommensurate with the maximum movement of the type-carrying apparatus.My invention, in part, is also applicable to an entirelydifferent classof printers.

Having referred to one form of printing mechanism adapted to my presentinvention, I will now describe the means by which I am enabled to bringinto action to the exclusion of the others such of the adjuster-magnetsas may be required by a series of electrical pulses, one followinganother, over a single main line.

In Figs. 1 and 2 I have shown at the transmitting-station a strip ofpaper having two rows of perforations passing over a rotating metallicdrum mounted upon a shaft a, the latter being connected to main line Lby means of a friction-brush b. The negative pole of battery Bisconnected with cond noting-stylus 0, while the positive pole of B isjoined with a stylus d, the opposite poles being connected together andto earth E. It is thus seen that positive pulses are sent to line whenthe point of stylus d falls within apertures of the upper row and thatnegative pulses are transmitted as 0 falls within those of the lowerrow. Some of the perforations are elongated, and in all cases a hole inone row is opposite a space between holes in the other, so that as thepaper strip is drawn over the drum posh tive and negative pulses arealternately transmitted to line.

The letters are represented by the six pen forations betweenthetransverse dotted lines.

At the receiving-station in Fig. 1, R is a polarized relay, the armatureof which vibrates between conductors o p and alternately connectsbattery 0 through electromagnets m n. A shaft a, under the action of anysuitable motor, (not shown,) tends to rotate in a direction with thehands of a clock, and upon this shaft are also mounted threearmature-bars 2O 21 22 and a rotatingarm T, carrying a conductor,wl1ichsweeps over a circular series of contacts 3 5 2 1 4 6, commonly called asunflower, the latter segment being much larger than the others. By thismeans arm T is caused to advance one-sixth of a rotation each time thecurrentof battery 0 is changed from magnet m to n by relay R, thearmatures 20 21 22 and magnetsm' n, serving as a step-by-step escapcmentin a manner well understood in the electromechanical arts. It is thusseen that the trailer makes a complete rotation for every six reversalssent over the main line, this being the number required to effectadjustment of the type-wheel to print any desired character. Theemployment of this particular number of pulses to transmit a letterpresupposes thirty-two typewheel characters or spaces. If, however, a

type-wheel with a larger or a smaller number were used, more or lessperforations for each letter or characterwould be required.

A series of polarized electro-magnets W Y V U X, whichI term selectingrelays, they being respectively connected with contacts 3 5 2 1 4, areprovided with two sets of opposing coils, each relay-coil of one setbeing separately included in one of the multiple branches leading frombattery N to contacts 3 5 2 1 4,as shown. All of the other setthat is tosay, the opposing coilsare included in a single branch ll, which leadsfrom contact 6 to point 40, and thence to battery N. The other pole ofthis battery is connected with thetrailing-conductor throughfriction-brush a: and arm T, and thus it is as the trailer revolvesbattery N is successively connected through the first set of relay-coilsand then simultaneously through all of the second set. Normally thearmatures of the selecting-relays W Y V U X rest at back contact, norare they movedso long as the trailer is kept in rapid rotation. If,however, a main-line pulse be momentarily prolonged or strengthened bythe passage of an elongated aperture under either stylus c or d at thetransmitter, the trailer will be arrested sufficiently long to permitbattery N to throw the armature of the corresponding selecting-relay tofront contact, and in this manner any one or more of the polarizedselecting-relays may be broughtinto action during each rotation of arm Tto in turn actuate the adj Lister-magnets 3 5 2 1 i, also shown in Fig.8. The latter are placed in multiple circuit with local battery M. Whenthe trailer reaches the No. t contact, the type-wheel will have beenadjusted to a position dependent upon the number of times and theposition where it has been arrested, and at this momentthe rotatingcircuit-closer b on shaft a closes the local circuit of battery Jthrough the coils of press-magnet P, thereby causing a paper tape to bestruck against the typewheel. The trailer next arrives at the longcontact 6 and directs a current through all of the second set ofpolarized relay-coils, which are so wound as to produce a contrarymagnetic effect, and to thus return the armaturetongues to back contactpreparatory to the transmission of second character. Obviously I mustemploy such selecting-relays that when once drawn to front contact thearmatures will remain there, even though the current be continued onlyfor a moment. To this end I have selected the polarized form, in whichthe armature has a bias towards its back contact, though many otherforms of apparatus having this capacity well known in the art may beadopted. A device having this capacity is also shown in Fig. 4 In thiscase when the armature is brought to front con tact it closes a localcircuit, which retains a neutral armature until a second circuit isclosed, the latter being employed to withdraw all of the armatures andto break the locals first established.

Instead of a local circuit and resetting-coils on the selecting-relays,brought into action at the end of a rotation of the trailer, many othermechanisms may be employedsuch, for example, as mechanical meansactuated by the motor which rotates the trailer.

The contact-segments of the sunflower are given the numbering here shownin order that the adjusters having the longest movement may have moretime than the others in which to act. The selecting-relay joined tosegment 3 controls adjuster No. 3, which has the greatest distance tomove, and by this ar rangement it is seen that the adjuster need notcomplete its action until the time of printingthat is, until the trailerhas reached the No. 4 segment. The other adjusters require less time toact, and are consequently placed in a more advanced position.

To avoid actuating the polarized relays, except when a prolonged pulseis sent over the line, it will be found necessary to make the contacts 35 2 1 4 very narrow and to rotate the arm T very rapidly. Even thenother forms will be found more satisfactory. To avoid this difficulty,Ihave shown a main-line neutral relay S, whose armature normally rests atback contact, thus leaving all of the branches to contacts 3 5 2 1 4:broken when only short pulses are sent over theline. The armature of Srests at back contact t; but when a prolonged or strengthened current istransmitted the armature is drawn to 4*, thus closing the circuit ofbattery N through that one of the segments or contacts upon which thetrailer may happen to be arrested and through the correspondingselecting-relay. A prolongation of main-line current which will closethe local circuit of N will also through relay R and escapement-magnetsm n arrest the trailer, thus simultaneously closing the circuit of N attwo points.

In Fig. 2 I have also shown a modification, which consists inanindependent battery N and a separate local circuit leading from contact6 to friction-brush y, its purpose being to return the armatures of theselecting-re lays to back contact after the printing of a character. Inthis and other figures instead of the electro motor-escapement of Fig. lI have shown an ordinary ratchet step-by-step releasing. device. Avariety of devices for this purpose readily suggest themselves.

Fig. 4 shows a modification in which relay S has been removed from themain line and placed in the local circuit controlled by relay R. In thiscase the armature of S will be drawn to t whenever the tongue of R isarrested at one side or the other, for then the local circuit of 0 willhave sufficient time to overcome the inertia of S. Obviously S must bemore sluggish than an or n.

. This system is as well adapted to way-station service as is theWheatstone, and any number of relays may be placed in one circuit. Twosuch stations are also shown in Fig. 4.

In Figs. 1, 2, and i I have employed branches of an independent localcircuit with- .in which to place the setting-coils of the selecting-raysWV Y V U X; but this is not indispensable as main-line branches, as isshown in Fig. 3, may be used. In this case the main line while onlyshort pulses are passing is closed through spring a, contact o, andresistance R. Then, however, a prolonged current is sent, armature tbreaks the circuit through Randclosesit to brush 3:, and through thevarious branches joining contacts 3 5 2 1 4 with the relays. Thesebranches merely form main-line shunts around resistance R.

In Fig. t for convenience of illustration I have omitted the use of aneutral relay; but with the form of sunflower here shown such a relay isas necessary as it is in Figs. 2 and 4.

From the foregoing it is seen that my letters are formed by prolonging,strengthening, or otherwise modifying some one or more of the six pulsesrequired to transmit and record a letter and that the character ofcurrents employed is precisely the same as in the Wheatstone system.

WVhile \Vheatstone for many characters employs more or less than sixpulses, he, however, always uses an even nu mberforeach character, and apositive pulse on the line is always followed by a negative. In bothsystems these transmissions when reproduced by an ink writer occur asdots and dashes and as spaces between the ink-marks, and thus it is thatmy messages may be perforated by the heatstone punchers now commonlyused and transmitted through the lVheatstone sender without theslightest modification.

Fig. 6 shows my alphabet with elongated holes, the perforations in onerow alternating with those in the other. This form might be used inpractice. I prefer, however, to trans form this arrangement into thatshown in Fig. '7, the latter being adapted to the heatstone transmitterwithout change.

In Fig. 7 two perforations in a vertical line represent a dot, Whilebeginning with an upper perforation and passing diagonally downward tothe right across one space to a second perforation is a dash,representing a prolonged positive current. Likewise beginning with aperforation in the lower row and passing diagonally upward to the rightacross three spaces to a second perforation is a space, or what iseffected by a'prolonged negative current. \Vhere two perforations are inthe same transverse line, a positive current is first sent by the upperhole and a negative current next by the lowera result which arises fromthe fact that the needle or pin passing over the upper row of holes isin advance of the other by about the width of a perforation.

Fig. 5 shows the ordinary form of heatstone transmitter, in whichbattery B is rapidly reversed through arms as 3 pins o w, and disks D E,while a strip of perforated paper, like that of Fig. 7, is constantlypassing between the upper ends of needles 9' h and a toothed wheel. Arocking beam having pins to t is vibrated by a link 0 and a crank g, the

latter being revolved by a pinion gearing with I springs attached to 706, however, exert con- I siderable force, tending to raise pins 9 h, andthis they accomplish whenever apertures in the paper pass above theirends, but not otherwise. The arm G is held at one side or the other by ajockey-wheel mounted upon a spring I1, and by this means the battery isnever reversed after a pulsation has been be; gun until an oppositeperforation has come into position over its pin. While a pin is pressingagainst the paper, the vibrations of the walking-beam will not reversethe battery. It is due to this fact that circular perforations,.all ofone size, asshown in Fig. 7, may be employed, even where some of thepulses are to be prolonged.

It is apparent that only currents of one polarity need be used, thusenabling relay R to be made neutral, and, as is well known, theWheatstone system is capable of this modification. In such a case theupper holes in the paper would merely serve to begin a pulse, while thelower ones would only act to discontinue it without sending a current ofopposite polarity.

In practice the prolongation of pulses will be found to be superior toall others in this system, for by this means the current at a distantstation is more ettectually strengthened than by merely adding morebattery. It is obvious that a series of main-line pulses may also bemodified in many ways other than by adding battery. Certain pulses mightbe omitted or be given a harmoniccharacter. A large variety ofmodifications of this class may be found in the art of printingtelegraphy, and do not here require further notice.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a telegraph system, the combination of a main line, an automatictransmitterof the Wheatstone type by which each letter orcharacter istransmitted bya series of pulses succeeding one another, aprinting-instrument, a series of type-controlling magnets, and a seriesof adjusting devices whose limits of action collectively arecommensurate with the entire range of type-wheel movement.

2. In a telegraph system, the combination of an unbroken main line, amain-line relay at the receiving-station, an automatic transmitter bywhich each letter or character is transmitted by a series of pulsessucceeding one another, and a printing-instrument having a series oftype-adjusters whose limits of action collectively are commensurate withthe entire range of type-wheel movement.

3. In a printing-telegraph, the combination of a dot-and-dash alphabet,asingle main line, a main-line relay at a receiving-station, a series ofselecting-relays controlled by the IIO main-line relay, a series of adjListing-magnets, and a printing-instrument having a series of adjusterswhose range of action collectively is commensurate with the maximum movement of the type-carrying apparatus.

4:- The combination, in a printing-telegraph in which messages aretransmitted by a series of pulses one following anotherover a singlemain line, of an automatic transmitter, a main-line relay at areceiving-station, aseries of selecting-relays, a series of adjusting-magnets, and a printing-instrument having adjusting mechanismswhose limits ofaction collectively are commensurate with the maximumrange ofinovement of the type-carrying mechanism.

5. In a printing-telegraph, the combination of an automatic transmitterin which there are for each letter or character sent a series of pulsessucceeding one another, a mainline relay or relays at areceiving-station, controlling a series of selecting-relays, and aprinting-instrument in which a series of typecarrying adjustershavelimits of action collectively commensurate with the maximum range oftype-wheel movement.

6. In an automatic telegraph system, the combination of a transmi ter,an alphabet formed by perforations or embossures by which an equalnumber of successive pulses is transmitted for each letter or character,the transmission being determined by spaces between pulses or byprolonging or otherwise modifying one or more of the pulses transmitted,a main line, and a receiving-instrument having a series of adjustersseparately responsive,asdescribed,whose range of action collectively iscommensurate with the maximum movement of the type-carryingapparatus,said adjusters corresponding in arrangement with theperforations forming each and every letter or character transmitted.

7. In an automatic printing-telegraph system, the combination of atransmitter employing a paper tape provided with perforations orembossures by which an equal number of alternately positive and negativepulses is transmitted for each letter or character, the transmissionbeing determined by prolonging or otherwise modifying one or more of thepulses transmitted, a main line, and a receiving-instrument having aseries of adjusters separately responsive to such prolonged or modifiedpulses, whose range of action collectively is commensurate with themaximum movement of the type-carrying apparatus, said adjusterscorresponding in arrangement with the perforations forming each andevery letter or character transmitted.

8. A telegraph-alphabet in which each of its letters is formed by adefinite number of transmitted pulses, the character of the let-- tersbeing determined by prolonging, strengthening, or otherwise modifyingone or more of said pulses.

9. In a printing-telegraph system, an alphabet in which each of itsletters is forme by a definite number of transmitted pulses, thecharacter of the letters being determined by prolonging some one or moreof said pulses.

10. In a printing-telegraph system, an alphabet in which each of itsletters is formed by a definite number of alternately positive andnegative pulses, the character of the letters being determined byprolonging some one or more of said pulses.

11. In an automatic printing-telegraph system, a perforated or embossedstrip of paper for transmitting the message in which each letter orcharacter is represented by an equal number of apertures or embossuresadapted to send a succession of pulses the same in number for allletters or characters transmitted.

12. In an automatic printing-telegraph,the combination of atransmitting-tape in which the letters transmitted are distinguishedfrom one another by variations in thenumber and position of perforationsor embossures, and a receiving-instrument having a series ofselecting-magnets corresponding in number to the number of differentpositions which said perforations or embossures may have in aletterspace and adapted to be brought into action one after the other inregular order or succession by the actuating-pulses which are sent bythe said distinguishing perforations or embossures.

13. In an automatic printingtelegraph system, the combination of atransmitter em ploying a paper tape, each letter being represented by anequal number of-perforations or embossures and transmitted by an equalnumber of succeeding pulses, a main line, a relay or relays at areceiving-station, a series of selecting -relays controlled by saidmain-line relay or relays, a printing-instrument, and a series oftype-controlling magnets which are brought into action by saidselecting-relays.

14. In an automatic printing-telegraph system, a perforated strip ofpaper for transmitting the message, having two rows of apertures, onefor transmitting positive and the other for transmitting negativepulses, in which each letter is represented byadefinite number ofapertures, while the character of the letters is determined by thelength of the intervening spaces.

15. In a printing-telegraph system, the combination of a single mainline, a relay, a sunflower, a rotating arm controlled by said relay, aseries of selectingrelays having coils joined with the respectivesegments of the sunflower, an opposing coil for each relay, all beingincluded in an independent local circuit for resetting the tongues ofthe selecting-relays, a series of adjusting-magnets, and a type-printerhaving a series of adjusters whose limits of action are collectivelycommensurate with the maximum range of movement.

16. In a printing-telegraph system, the combination of a main line, arelay, a sunflower,

a rotating arm controlled by said relay, a series of selecting-relayshaving coils which are brought into action when a pulse is prolonged,strengthened, or modified, resettingcoils which are brought into actionduring each rotation of the sunflower-arm, a printing-instrument, and aseries of adjusting electro-magnets.

17. In a printing-telegraph system, the combination of a main line, arelay, a sunflower, a rotating arm controlled by said relay, a series ofselecting-relays, each of which is provided with a resetting-coil, aprinting-instrument, a series of type-adjusting magnets, and a pressmechanism which is operated simultaneously as or before the operation ofresetting occurs.

18. In aprinting-telegraph system, the combination of a main line, apolarized relay which is responsive to positive and negative currents, asunflower, a rotating arm which is controlled by said relay, a series ofselecting-relays, each of which is provided with a coil in a branchleading to a sunflower-segment, a second relay which is responsive onlyto prolonged, strengthened, or modified pulses, which serves to closesaid sunflower branches when brought into action, a resetting-circuit, aprinting-machine, and a series of type-adjusting devices.

19. In a printing-telegraph system, a main line, a polarized relay, asunflower, a rotating arm controlled by said relay, a second relay, aseries of selecting-relays, a printing-machine, and a series oftype-adjusting devices.

20. In a printing-telegraph system, an automatic transmitter, aperforated or embossed strip of paper by which a definite number ofpositive and negative pulses are transmitted for each letter, some ofthe pulses being prolonged, strengthened, or modified, a polarized and aneutral relay at a receiving-station, a sunflower, a rotating armcontrolled by said polarized relay, a series of selecting-relays thecircuits of which are closed by the neutral relay when brought intoaction, a printing machine, and a series of type-adjusting devices.

21. In a printing-telegraph system, a main line, a polarized relay, asunflower,a rotating, arm, an electromotor-escapement controlled by saidrelay for actuating said arm, a series line, a polarized and a neutralmain-line relay at each station, a sunflower, a rotating arm and aratchet-escapement controlled by the polarized relay, a series ofselecting-relays, each having two coils, one opposing the other, aprinting device, and type-adjusters.

23. In a printing-telegraph system, a main line, a polarized relay, alocal circuit operated by said relay for controlling the rotation of asunflower-arm, a series of selecting-magnets having two sets of coils,aneutral relay placed in the local circuit, controlled by the polarizedrelay, it being adapted to close the branches from thesunflower-segments to the selectingrelays, a printing-machine, and aseries of type-adjusting devices.

24. In a telegraph system, a main line, a relay, a sun flower, arotating arm, a series of selecting-relays which are brought into actionby prolonging or otherwise modifying mainline pulses, and local branchesleading from said selecting-relays to the sunflower.

25. In a telegraph system, a main line, a polarized relay, a sunflower,a rotating arm, a series of selecting-relays, a series of mainlinebranches for joining the selectinga'elays with the sunflower, and aneutral relay for directing main-line currents through said branches.

26. In a printing-telegraph system, a main line, a polarized relay, asun flower, a rotating arm, a series of selecting-relays formed ofpolarized magnets, each having two sets of coils, a printing-machine,and a series of typcadjusters.

27. In a printing-telegraph system, a main line, a polarized relay, asunflower, a series of selecting-relays, each of which is formed ofneutral cores, a coil in a local circuit for holding the armature atfront contact, and a second auxiliary coil for resetting the tongues, aprinting-machine, and a series of type-adjusters.

CHARLES L. BUCKINGIIAM.

Witnesses:

JOHN C. SANDERS, O. W. CoNKLIN.

